Lesson+13-Spain+Builds+American+Empire

Mr. Martinson Lesson 13-Spain Builds American Empire World History, 11th Grade Lesson Plan

Date: Oct. 22, 2009

I. Objective: Students will examine Aztec culture in order to create an Aztec Codex on European interaction.

II. Warmup: What is a CONQUISTADOR? Describe the relationship between the conquistadors and the Aztecs.

VOCABULARY: conquistador colony Christopher Columbus Hernando Cortes Francisco Pizarro Atahualpa mestizo: European and Native American (indigenous) encomienda

QUESTION: If your way of life were threatened, how would you react?

II. Introductory: INCAN Creation Story In the most ancient of times the earth was covered in darkness. Then, out of a lake called Collasuyu, the god Con Tiqui Viracocha emerged, bringing some human beings with him. Then Con Tiqui created the sun (Inti), the moon and the stars to light the world. It is from Inti that the Inca, emperor of Tahuantisuyo,* is descended. Out of great rocks Con Tiqui fashioned more human beings, including women who were already pregnant. Then he sent these people off into every comer of the world. He kept a male and female with him at Cuzco, the "navel of the world."

Another story is that Con, the Creator; was in the form of a man without bones. He filled the earth with good things to supply the needs of the first humans. The people, however, forgot Con's goodness to them and rebelled. So he punished them by stopping the rainfall. The miserable people were forced to work hard, drawing what little water they could find from stinking, drying riverbeds. Then a new god, Pachachamac, came and drove Con out, changing his people into monkeys. Pachachamac then took earth and made the ancestors of human beings.. //The Creation Story//

According to the Incas, the great god Viracocha created the world. It was all darkness, but then Viracocha made the Sun, the Moon, and the Stars. Next he created the Thunder, the Earth, and the Sea. Finally, out of stone, he made human beings. Viracocha walked among the people, showing them how to live. When he reached the sea, he went away – but someday he will return.

//The Inca Gods and Religion//

Inca religion grew out of respect for the forces of nature. The ancient Peruvians worshipped nature spirits and creatures such as jaguars, snakes, and condors. They also used their religion to unify the many peoples of their empire.

The main god of the Incas was Inti, the Sun. He was the Giver of Life and the protector of the Inca people. Inti brought them warmth and light. When he dropped into the ocean each evening at sunset, they were afraid that he might not be able to swim under the Earth to reappear the next morning in the East.

III. GUIDED: page 122. Describe the interaction between the Spanish conquistadors and the Aztecs.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">Aztecs thought Spanish were gods <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">Spanish brought diseases-smallpox, measles, mumps, typhus <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">100,000s Aztecs died <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">Malinche female translator for Cortes <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">Conquistadors after Gold <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">Advantage: superior weapons, muskets, cannons, Malinche helped Cortes make allies with neighboring tribes.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">IV. Independent: read about Aztec culture. Create an AZTEC CODEX illustrating interactions between AZTECS and CONQUISTADORS

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">Show examples of Aztec Codices.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">V. Assessment: Present your codex.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">VII. Closure: Answer the following questions:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">1. mestizo: a person of mixed Spanish and Native American <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">How is this an example of cultural blending?

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">2. encomienda: Spanish forced Native Americans to farm on large plantations <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">How were Native Americans treated under this system? Abused, worked to death, forced to work in dangerous mines.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">3. Why did the Spanish replace Native American with Africans?

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">Why were the Europeans interested in America? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 150%;">What make colonies, gold, rich, trade routes, glory/prestige, convert

Who was Hernando Cortes A spanish explorer who colonized the America's (1492) What is a conquistador? A spanish explorer who followed Cortes. violent What were the relations between the conquistadors and the Aztecs? Allies and Aztecs offered him gold. Thought he was a god Quetzlcoatl Conquistadors killed the Aztecs.

What advantages did the Spanish have over the Aztecs? weapons (cannons, muskets, armor) made allies with the Spanish diseases (typhoid, mumps, smallpox, measles) 100,000s of people

What countries explored? North America, South America, Africa were explored by the Spanish, Portuguese, French, English and Dutch in the 1500s.

IV. Guided: Read about Aztecs.

V. Independent: Stone of the Sun activity

VI. Assessment: Present pictures VII. Closure: What is a conquistador?

1) Mestizos are a mixture of what two groups? j 2) Who conquered the Aztecs and how? 3) T/F Christopher Columbus began the process of establishing colonies in the Caribbean. 4) Identify the three Native American groups and their locations in Central and South America. 5) _ led his conquistadors into South America and kidnapped Atahualpa. 6) The system forced the Native Americans to farm on large plantations. 7) Do you think that the Native Americans could have defended their civilizations if they had been more suspicious of the Spanish? Extra credit: What was the name of the Aztec capital What god did the Aztecs believe him to be?